UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: FEN1_HUMAN (P39748)
Gene Name: FEN1
Synonyms: RAD2
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).
Function: Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structurs that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double- stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA.
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Isoform 1: Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Note=Resides mostly in the nucleoli and relocalizes to the nucleoplasm upon DNA damage. Isoform FENMIT: Mitochondrion.
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