UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: THIO_HUMAN (P10599)
Gene Name: TXN
Synonyms: TRDX, TRX, TRX1
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).
Function: Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. ADF augments the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor TAC (IL2R/P55).
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Secreted. Note=Secreted by a leaderless secretory pathway. Predominantly in the cytoplasm in non irradiated cells. Radiation induces translocation of TRX from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
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