UniprotKB/SwissProt ID: RHOA_HUMAN (P61586)
Gene Name: RHOA
Synonyms: ARH12, ARHA, RHO12
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).
Function: Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Plays an essential role in cleavage furrow formation. Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. Serves as a target for the yopT cysteine peptidase from Yersinia pestis, vector of the plague, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which causes gastrointestinal disorders. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. May be an activator of PLCE1. Activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. The MEMO1-RHOA- DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2- dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity. In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization.
Other Modifications: View all modification sites in dbPTM
Protein Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cleavage furrow. Cytoplasm, cell cortex. Midbody. Cell projection, lamellipodium (By similarity). Note=Localized to cell-cell contacts in calcium-treated keratinocytes (By similarity
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